الحماية القانونية الدولية لتغير المناخ بأستخدام تقنيات الذكاء الأصطناعي

1. Christian Youssef, Civil Liability for the Acts of Artificial Intelligence, Al-Halabi Legal Publications, First Edition, Beirut, 2022, p. 26.

2. Abdellah Ibrahim Al-Faqi, Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing and Distribution, 1st ed., Jordan, 2012.

3. Mohamed Adel Askar, International Environmental Law: “Climate Change: Challenges and Confrontations,” A Comparative Analytical Study of the Provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, Dar Al-Jamiah Al-Jadida, Alexandria, 2013.

4. Saeed Salem Goueili, International Regulation of Climate Change and Rising Temperatures, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 2002.

5. Nils J Nilsson, The Quest for Artificial Intelligence: A History of Ideas and Achievements, Cambridge University Press, London, 2010.

6. Matthijs Maas, “International Law Does Not Compute: Artificial Intelligence and the Development, Displacement, or Destruction of the Global Legal Order,” Melbourne Journal of International Law, Vol. 20, No. 1, 2019.

7. Andrae, Anders SG, and Tomas Edler. “On Global Electricity Use of Communication Technology: Trends to 2030.” Challenges 6, No. 1 (2015): 117-157.

8. Marc S. Reisch, Powering the Internet of Things, Electronic Materials, C&EN New York City, August 7, 2017, Cen.Acs. Org.

9. John McCarthy, Marvin L. Minsky, Nathaniel Rochester, and Claude E. Shannon, "A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence," August 13, 1955, AI Magazine, 2006, vol. 27.

10. Ashraf Abdel Fattah Darwish and Abu Al-Ala Atefy Hassanein, "The Power of Data and Its Role in Addressing Climate Change Using Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Technologies," a paper published in Asian Horizons, Volume 6, Issue 10, October 2022.

11. Mohamed Abdel Latif, "Liability for Artificial Intelligence between Private and Public Law," a paper presented at the conference on the Legal and Economic Aspects of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology, held on May 22-24. 2021, Faculty of Law, Mansoura University.

12. Muhammad Irfan Al-Khatib, "Human Intelligence and Law: A Critical Comparative Study between French and Qatari Civil Legislation in Light of the European Rules in the Civil Code of Robotics of 2017 and the European Industrial Policy for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics of 2019," Journal of Legal Studies, Beirut Arab University, 2020.

12. International Agreements:

A. The 1992 Rio Convention (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change).

B. And its 1997 Kyoto Protocol.

C. The 2015 Paris Agreement on Combating Climate Change and Its Adverse Effects.

D. The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

E. The Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques.

13. International Reports:

A. Report on the Implementation of the ITU Strategic Plan and on the ITU's Activities for the Period 2018-2019 Annual Progress Report of the ITU, Document C19/35-a - May 2019, p. 68.

B. Report on the Implementation of the ITU Strategic Plan and on the Activities of the Union for the Period 2018-2019, Annual Progress Report of the ITU, 10-20 June 2019, Document C19-a-35 - 28 May 2019.

14. Websites:

https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/artificial-intelligence1

https://www.itu.int/ar/ITU-T/climatechange/Pages/ictccenv.aspx

https://www.un.org/ar/climatechange/paris-agreement

https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Press%20Release_UNFCCC%20launches%20AI%20Inno vation%20Grand%20Challenge_Arabic.pdf