The Legal Framework for Crude Oil Investment Contracts (An Analytical Study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65263/xke7nr83Keywords:
: Investment – Crude Oil – Contracts – Iraqi Law – Legal Nature – Legislation – Legal Provisions – Oil Economy.Abstract
In recent decades, the world has witnessed a remarkable development in investment frameworks, characterized by their practical nature and precise legal organization through well-structured contracts that clearly define the rights and obligations of the parties. Among the most significant of these contracts is the crude oil investment contract, due to its major economic role in revitalizing the oil sector, particularly in light of the increasing global demand for petroleum products and the inability of state-owned refineries to meet such demand. Hence, the need arises to examine the legal framework of crude oil investment contracts and to clarify their nature and legal provisions.
References
- List and References -
First: Arabic References
1. Legal Books
A. Ahmed Helmy Khalil, Petroleum Concession Contracts and Dispute Resolution Methods, Dar Al-Fath, Alexandria, 2013.
B. Ahmed Abdel Hamid Ashoush, Petroleum Law: Modern Trends in Determining the Law Governing International Economic Development Agreements, New University Foundation, Alexandria, 1989.
T. Kholoud Khaled Al-Sadiq, The Oil Concession Contract and Its Applications, 1st ed., Modern University Office for Publishing, Cairo, Egypt, 2012.
Th. Dara Ramzi Tawfiq, The Legal Effects on Oil Investment Contracts, 1st ed., Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo, Egypt, 2018.
C. Saheb Obeid Al-Fatlawi, Contract Transformation (A Comparative Study), Dar Al-Thaqafa for Publishing, Beirut, 1997.
H. Saleh Abdul Ayed, Oil and Gas Investment Contracts (Iraq as a Model), Scientific Group for Printing and Publishing, Egypt, 2021, p. 51.
Kh. Hirsch Jafar Qader, Investor Obligations in Crude Oil Refining Contracts: A Comparative Study, 1st ed., Zain Legal Publications, Jordan, 2018.
2. Theses and Dissertations
A. Siraj Hussein Muhammad Abu Zaid, Arbitration in Petroleum Contracts, PhD Thesis, Faculty of Law, Ain Shams University, 1998.
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T. Abdul Rahim Muhammad Saeed, The Legal System of Petroleum Contracts, PhD Thesis, Faculty of Law, Cairo University, 2021.
Th. Abdul Mohsen Abdul Muhammad. Legal Aspects of Investment Contracts - Contract for the Establishment of Crude Oil Refineries. Master's Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Law Council, Yarmouk University, Jordan, 2018
J. Ismat Muhammad Ali Al-Khayat, "State Oil Contracts in Public International Law Under Kuwaiti Law," Master's Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Law, University of Kuwait, 1997.
H. Awad Khalaf, "The Legal Nature of Oil Investment Contracts," Master's Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Law, University of Algeria, 2015.
3. Legal Research
A. Amira Al-Mardi Awad - The Legal System of the Legislative Consistency Clause in Foreign Investment Contracts - Faculty of Law, University of Kuwait - Arab Journal of Research in Law and Economics - Volume 1, Issue 1 - Kuwait, 2020.
B. Hussein Issa Abdul Hassan - Contractual Guarantees for Investment - A Comparative Study - Babylon Technical Institute - Kufa Journal, University of Kufa - Issue 21, 2014.
T. Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed, "The Concept and Characteristics of Petroleum Investment Contracts," a study published in the Legal Journal of Legal Studies and Research, Issue 16, Cairo, Egypt, 2023.
Th. Mahmoud Al-Fayyad, "The Role of the Legislative Stability Clause in Protecting Foreign Investors in Energy Contracts: Hypotheses and Problems of Application," Faculty of Law, University of Brussels, 21st Annual Conference, "Energy between Law and Economics," 20-21/2013.
Second: Foreign References
3. Maniruzzaman, Some reflections on stabilization techniques in international petroleum, gas and mineral agreements (2005) 4 International Energy Law & Taxation. Usa,2005.
4. Cameron, Stability of Contract in the International Energy Industry , Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law , USA , 2009 .
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